Lopid

Carlos A Pardo-Villamizar, M.D.

• Professor of Neurology

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/profiles/results/directory/profile/0008959/carlos-pardo-villamizar

Organise courses medicine vile generic 300 mg lopid, confict resolution work groups medications rapid atrial fibrillation purchase lopid australia, training for the above specialists to en able them to identify violence in local governments by inviting experts of various areas medicine bow order lopid 300 mg overnight delivery. The state implements principles of sexual and reproductive health care by providing free assistance during childbirth and the possibilities of acquiring basic knowledge at medical and educational institutions about sexual and reproductive health promotion and care98 treatment questionnaire buy discount lopid 300 mg. Thus symptoms endometriosis discount 300mg lopid overnight delivery, it is of paramount importance that training is provided to representatives of these professions about universal safety and precautionary measures in the prevention of blood-borne infectious diseases100 symptoms 0f food poisoning cheap lopid american express. Competent non-governmental organisations can be involved in the performance of the above mentioned functions. Recommendations for the prevention of oncological diseases Alongside with the ageing of the community, malignant tumours is an increasingly serious problem in the whole world and, likewise, in Latvia. The death rate due to malignant tumours is the second most frequent cause of death among the population in Latvia after cardiovascular diseases (approximately 18% of all cases of death); moreover, it tends to grow108. Regular preventive examinations and visits to the physician play an essential role in the prevention and timely detection of malignant tumours110. Educational work at schools is important for the prevention of oncological diseases as children must know the fac to rs that may stimulate the appearance of a malignant tumour and ways how they can be prevented. Prevention of cervical cancer and breast cancer108109110 According to statistics, in Latvia and the world the cervical cancer stands second after oncological diseases for women under the age of 45. Over the last 10 years, cervical cancer morbidity has increased by 20% in Latvia111. The cervical cancer is the only oncological disease where the viral origin has been scientifcally/clinically proved and where protection may be ensured not only by secondary prevention or screening but also by primary prevention or vaccination. Delayed diagnostics reduces possibilities of effective treatment while timely detection of breast cancer through regular medical examinations and tests (mammography) gives an option of effective treatment and recovery113. In order to reduce breast cancer and cervical cancer morbidity and related mortality in the country, there has been a breast cancer and cervical cancer screening programme in place since 2009114, where every year the National Health Service sends invitations to women of a defnite age selected according to the data of the Population Register to take tests fnanced from the national budget. In cooperation with family doc to rs, specialists or health centres mobile digital mammograph (a bus especially equipped for the purpose) visits to the local government; thus, facilitating possibilities for patients to receive quality mammograph examinations in the vicinity of their places of residence. On September 8, 2009, the Cabinet of Ministers approved amendments to Cabinet Regulations No. This vaccination gives not only a personal beneft but also a signifcant national long-term beneft; it protects the future mothers and their reproductive potential 117. Local governments could play a signifcant role, to gether with family doc to rs and nurses, in educating the local population about the relevance of vaccination for the prevention of the cervical cancer, in informing about the possible side effects of the vaccination, in organising various seminars, discussions for young mothers, women and young families. The cancer of the colon and the rectum or colorectal cancer is a malignant disease that originates in the colon or the rectum. Annually more than 1000 new cases of this cancer are diagnosed in Latvia, and it is the cause of the death of more than 700 people per year in Latvia120. Statistics show that colorectal cancer is the second most widespread type of cancer among women and the third type among men121. An essential role in colorectal cancer prevention is played by healthy nutrition and suffcient physical activity as well as regular preventive examinations. Back to content 75 Prevention of skin cancer Morbidity of various skin cancer types has been growing in Latvia and in the world more rapidly than any other type of cancer; moreover, the death rate also increases every year. External microenvironment and macroenvironment fac to rs, whose cancerogenic impact is potentially preventable, are very important in the origination of malignant tumours. There are specifc groups of population at a higher risk of developing skin cancer: children and youths as well as individuals who spend much time in the sun due to their profession or hobby126. It is important to reduce the intensity of sun-bathing (natural as well as artifcial) for children under the age of 18, as at this age the skin has not yet matured and is more sensitive to various irritants and is subjected to adverse impact. The earlier intensive sun-bathing begins, the longer the ultraviolet radiation impact period is; thus, increasing the morbidity risk127. To protect children against potential health disorders caused by staying under the direct impact of ultraviolet radiation, in 2010 the Ministry of Health established minimum hygiene requirements for solarium artifcial (tanning sunbed) service provision128. However, there are still young people and teenagers 16fi24 years of age who pay regular visits to solariums not being aware of the risks and harm it incurs to their health. To protect this particular group, it is necessary to organise various information campaigns educating people about healthy sun-bathing habits, the necessity of personal protective means (the use of hats, special clothing etc. Likewise, employers should be motivated to organise regular preventive examinations for employees working under the direct impact of sunrays to equip them with personal protective means (hats, special protective clothing, sun protection creams, sunglasses)130. Recommendations for oral health promotion Health of the mouth and teeth is a very important public health determining fac to r that holds a signifcant place in the area of non-infectious diseases. Dental caries and periodontal disease (of gums surrounding the teeth) are frequently encountered as non-infectious diseases. Severe periodontal (gum) disease which may result in to oth loss is found in 15fi20% of middle-aged adults in the whole world131. Over the last fve years a trend has persisted that every third child at the age of 6 has at least one caries-affected to oth. Mouth and dental health is infuenced by the following fac to rs: incorrect and ineffective hygiene of the mouth cavity, unhealthy nutrition and addictive substance use (alcohol and to bacco)135. Upon implementing measures listed in the guidelines for oral health promotion and reduction of addictive substance use, efforts will be devoted also to oral health promotion. Oral health promotion measures targeting various groups of the community Target audience: children of pre-school and school age Objective of activities to be undertaken: provision of information about the signifcance of regular and correct oral hygiene, development of oral hygiene-friendly environment at schools, kindergartens, caries prevention, promotion of regular visits to the dentist and the dental hygienist. Dissemination and placement of information materials at pre-school educational institu tions, schools about the signifcance of correct oral hygiene, organisation of educational activities and lessons about the signifcance of oral hygiene, correct dental care, including the signifcance of healthy nutrition in ensuring oral health and the negative impact of ad dictive substance use on oral health (you can use visual materials for oral health promotion developed by the Oral Health Centre fi. It is important to maintain enthusiasm in chil dren and their motivation to take care of their teeth, to train them how to brush their teeth correctly to avoid oral health problems later in life. Implementation of fuoride, fuor pill programmes for children at pre-school educational in stitutions (if possible also at schools up to the 5th grade) involving parents, pharmaceutical companies or distributers of oral hygiene products who could provide fnancial assistance for the implementation of such programmes. Use of fuorides in dental caries prevention and reduction of its intensity has been scientifcally proved as a safe and effective method. In Latvia drinking water has moderate fuor content; thus, the use of fuoride containing dental hygiene products or fuoride containing pills becomes a necessity. It is recommended to take fuoride pills from the age of 6 months until 15 years of age. At present such a pro gramme is implemented as a pilot project for 2011fi2013 in the to wn of Jurmala. Development of oral hygiene rooms at schools, kindergartens where rooms are equipped with sinks, mirrors and where pupils may take care of regular and correct oral hygiene. Mobile dentistry buses work in the terri to ry of Latvia ensuring the accessibility of dental services for children of schools and pre-school educational institu tions in remoter regions of Latvia. Ensuring the accessibility of general information by disseminating information prepared by the dentist or dental hygienist about the signifcance of correct oral hygiene during preg nancy as well as oral care of the expected child, the signifcance of oral health in the family through press, local radio and television. Organisation of educational activities, seminars and discussions (inviting a dentist or a dental hygienist) for young families and men about the signifcance of oral hygiene, correct dental care, the relevance of regular visits to the dentist and the dental hygienist in maintaining oral health, providing information about the signifcance of healthy nutrition in ensuring oral health and the negative impact of addictive substances on oral health. Improvement of the accessibility of health care services in places where dental services are not available by creating favourable conditions and terms for the establishment and opening of dental practices (lease discounts for premises, the development of the infrastructure). Target audience: the elderly Objective of measures to be undertaken: ensuring the accessibility of information on specifc features of oral care for the elderly (preservation of the mastica to ry apparatus, healthy nutrition), ensuring the accessibility of dental services in places where such services are not available. Oral health is very important among the elderly as it has a direct impact on the general health condition of old people and their life quality. The majority of the elderly do not have any teeth left or they are in a very bad condition. Bad oral health leads to restricted ability to consume food as there are chewing and eating problems. The most frequent obstacles encountered by the elderly in accessing oral health care are mo to ric disorders, in particular for those who reside in rural areas where there is no regular public transport movement. Organise suffcient public transport movement in the local government, including the remote rural areas to enable the elderly to independently visit the nearest health care institutions to receive dental services or organise for return transportation (a bus) for the elderly residing in the local government to the nearest health care institution where they can receive dental services. Ensure the accessibility of dental services for the elderly as close to their residences as possible. Recommendations for mental health promotion Although in 2010 about 7% of the population in Latvia sought help in respect of various mental disorders, the actual scale of the problem might be even larger. The most signifcant problems in Latvia include suicides, prejudiced attitude to wards people with mental disorders and care for old people which will become increasingly more to pical with the ageing of the society. Mental health is a signifcant, inseparable but often forgotten component of general health. The World Health Organisation has defned health as complete physical, mental and social welfare but not only a condition without a disease or failings. In Europe the emphasis is increasingly laid on the prevention of mental diseases and mental health promotion as countries have come to understand not only the to picality of the problem but, likewise, the economic gains that a mentally healthy society can give. In this case, the connection between the cause and consequences is well known and proved. Unfortunately, in cases of several mental illnesses (for example, schizophrenia) the disease emerges as a result of a complicated interaction of genetic and environmental fac to rs where specifc causative agents of the disease are diffcult to identify. In the case of mental diseases, body structures most often are not affected, which means that in the event of incurable diseases, the person continues to live with the disease for the entire life which activates the need for the wholesome integration of these people in to the community. Report on the implementation of the World Health Organisation Men tal Health Declaration and the Action Plan in Latvia. Other health promotion and prevention activities described in this publication are equally important, for example, addictions constitute a signifcant suicide risk fac to r for people of all ages, which means that activities focused on addition prevention are indirectly related also to the reduction of suicide indica to rs. Even though the above examples reveal the signifcance of complex activities, in mental disease prevention and mental health promotion it is not possible to deal without specifc activities aimed at reducing risk fac to rs and amplifying protective fac to rs. Children of pre-school age143144 A child of pre-school age should be taught concepts of positive and negative actions (the good and the bad). Children of school age In the view of the considerable amount of time that children spend at school, this institution is a signifcant place of socialisation for a child.

Wipe from the center of the injection site without going over the same area again chi infra treatment purchase lopid online from canada. Apply single use alcohol solution swab and let it dry for 30 sec completely before administering injection medications jfk was on generic lopid 300 mg. After giving injection medicine for constipation order generic lopid, if using reuse Prevention syringe treatment 24 seven lopid 300mg online, break the plunger of syringe and needle through hub cutter 4 medications buy generic lopid pills. Discard syringe and needle as a single unit in a puncture resistant sharps container immediately after use and discard appropriately medications you can take while pregnant for cold order 300mg lopid otc. If using multidose vial, do not keep the needle inserted in the rubber septum/s to pper. Dispose of used lancets in an approved sharps container and empty container appropriately. Refrigerate multi-dose vials after they are opened if recommended by the manufacturer. Cleanse the access diaphragm of multi-dose vials with 70% alcohol (such as alcohol swabs) before inserting a device in to the vial. Use a sterile device to access a multi-dose vial and avoid to uch contamination of the device before penetrating the access diaphragm. Discard the multi-dose vial be if user suspects vial sterility has been compromised. Vials of saline or water may be used as multi-dose only if they contain a preservative vii. Visual inspection of the vial should be accomplished each time medication is withdrawn to determine that the s to pper is intact and that no unusual particulate matter is in the vial. Avoid opening more than one multidose vial of the same medication at the same time. Components on labels include: a) Name of Drug: b) Drug dilution/concentration: c) Date and Time of Opening: d) Date and Time of Expiry (28 days of opening date or expiry by manufacturer whichever is earlier) e) Signature of the staff labelling the vial. Single use parenteral drugs do not contain preservatives and should be immediately discarded by the original user after the dose is withdrawn. If this is not possible, the smallest multidose container available should be used. A sterile needleless device or blunt syringe must be used to withdraw the required amount of medication from single dose vials. Any unused portions of medications must be discarded immediately and not left on the unit for any period of time. Instructions on drugs should be read carefully to determine the temperature range at which the drugs are to be kept. All drugs will be checked prior to use and monthly for expiration to ensure that outdated drugs are not used. If drugs have only lot number but no expiration date, the lot number may be checked by pharmacy for expiration date. A multidose vial labeled to expire in a given month will expire on the last day of that month. Label the opned vial appropriately, including date & time of opening or mention use before date etc. Other multidose ophthalmic drops may be used for more than one patient provided the dropper surface is not contaminated by to uching any part of the eye, eyeball, face, or eyelid. It must be remebered to do hand hygiene when using same eye drops bottle in multiple patients. Also care must be taken that no part of vial to uches the patient while administering eye drops. Unit incharges of all departments Must ensure employee compliance with the policy. Marking the date Mark all injectables, ophthalmic, and reconstituted oral products and time when with the date and time of first use or reconstitution. Ophthalmic Use within 28 days if s to red properly, not contaminated, and products manufacturer does not specify a shorter expiration date. Multidose vials Use within 28 days if s to red properly, not contaminated, and with manufacturer does not specify a shorter expiration date. If the company has (not insulin or data, the vial may be used for a longer period of time. Insulin Use opened vials of insulin within 28 days whether refrigerated or s to red at room temperature. Most manufacturers have changed their s to rage limits for most products to 28 days, including regular insulin. Vaccines Multidose vaccine vials may be used until the expiration date on the vial if s to red properly, not contaminated, and the manufacturer does not specify a shorter expiration date. Intradermal injections are used for allergy tests, tuberculin tests, and many immunizations. Tell the patient that the injection will cause a small lump,like a mosqui to bite or small blister, but it will disappear quickly. Hold the syringe at about a 15 angle, and insert the needle through the epidermis in to the dermis. Many drugs are injected subcutaneously, including vaccines, preoperative medications, narcotics insulin and heparin. Common sites for subcutaneous injections are: the backs of the upper arms and the fronts of the thighs, the upper back, and the fat pads on the abdomen. With your right hand, put the needle in at a 45 or 90 angle(if you have o subcutaneous needle gauze no-26 you can give at 90 angle otherwise with other o needle give at 45 angle. If no blood comes in to the syringe, give the injection by slowly and steadily pushing the plunger. If blood comes in to the syringe on pulling the plunger back means that vein has been hit. Then you must withdraw the needle, discard the syringe and prepare a new injection. That is because subcutaneous injections can be dangerous if they go directly in to the bloodstream, where they are absorbed more quickly than from the fatty tissue. Use shortest possible needle length to avoid intramuscular injections which can result in hypoglycemia and glucose variability. The back of arm, the outer side of the thigh and the upper but to cks are also used for injection. Rotate within injection site frequently to prevent lipohypertrophy and follow the same general location at the same time each day. Large injections (up to 1-2 ml for a child and 3 ml for an adult) can be given this way because muscle can absorb more fluid than fatty tissues. The preferred sites for intramuscular injections are the dorsogluteal site in the gluteus medius muscle in the posterior hip or the ventrogluteal site in the gluteus medius muscle in the lateral hip (see below). Dorsogluteal site: If dorsogluteal site is selected, be careful to avoid the sciatic nerve, because accidental injection in to this nerve can cause permanent or partial paralysis of the leg. Never use the dorsogluteal site in the posterior hip for infants or children who have not yet begun to walk. Give the injection in the rectus femoris muscle or the vastus lateralis site in the middle third of the thigh. However, remember that you cannot inject as much fluid in to the arm as in to the muscles of the hip. Choose a site for the injection that has no broken skin, swelling, hardness, tenderness, redness or warmth. With an antiseptic swab or cot to n ball using a circular motion and extending outward about 5 cm on each side or 10 cm in to tal. If blood appears in the syringe, pull out the needle, throw away the syringe and prepare a new injection. If blood does not appear, then slowly, steadily push the plunger to inject the medication. Quickly remove the needle and apply firm pressure to the site using an antiseptic swab. Clean the chosen area covering about 2-3 inches in radius, with spirit /100% alcohol, and let it dry. Thereafter chlorhexidine / povidone iodinebetadine solution is used to clean the same area in circular motion and allow to dry. I/V Cannula should be selected according to the purpose, vein size and fluid requirement. Advance the catheter slightly, 2 3 millimetres, to ensure catheter tip is in vein. Check for secondary flashback between the needle & catheter will confirm correct placement of the catheter in the vein. Occlude the vein just above catheter tip & withdraw the needle holding the needle grip or grip plate xiii. Site Inspection Assess site and surrounding area for signs of local complications and other complications like a. It is essential to understand the complications and treat them as early as possible. Drugs given intravenously enter the bloodstream directly and are absorbed faster than any other kind of medication. Therefore, drugs are given in this way when a rapid effect is needed, or when the drug is to o irritating to body tissues to be given any other way. Double check the five "rights" of drug administration: right dose, right drug, right patient, right route, right time. You must also know the desired action and potential side effects of all the intravenous drugs you give. Watch the patient for any signs of an adverse reaction, including a rash, trouble with breathing, increased pulse rate, vomiting, and signs of dehydration or fluid overload (for these last two signs see the chapter on caring for the patient who has problems with elimination). The flow rate must be moni to red extremely carefully and frequently in infants, children, the elderly, acutely ill patients and patients with dehydration, heart or kidney disease or diabetes. Patients requiring faster running infusions or blood transfusions require larger needles and therefore larger veins. Intravenous medication can be given slowly from a bottle or bag containing a solution. Alternatively, the drug can be given all at once, and this is called an intravenous push or bolus. For a continuous infusion, the drug can be added to a new fluid container before it is hung or added to a container that is already running. Also make sure that the medication is compatible with the solution it is to be mixed with. Always check the patient to be sure that there is no adverse reaction to the drug being infused. Look for a change in pulse rate, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache or trouble with breathing. If the patient has a reaction, s to p or slow the infusion rate and tell the doc to r or the nurse in charge immediately. Record the name and amount of the drug, the solution to which it was added, and the time it was given. A relatively large dose of medicine is administered in to a vein in a short period usually within 1-30 minutes. Rational use involves using the right product, in the right dose and on the right time to reduce unnecessary and unsafe transfusions and to improve patient outcomes and safety along with minimizing the risk of adverse events including transfusion reactions and transmission of infections. To prevent bacterial growth, transfuse the blood within 30 minutes of its arrival on the ward. Stay with the patient for at least 15 minutes and observe him or her carefully for signs of acute reaction. These signs include chills, nausea and vomiting, headache, muscle aches, difficulty with breathing, wheezing, fever, sweating, chest pain, tingling, numbness, and rapid pulse. The severity of the reaction varies from being relatively mild to more severe, and at times can be fatal. Delayed reaction may present 5-10 days post-transfusion with fever, anaemia, jaundice, increased bleeding tendency, thrombocy to penia. If there are any signs of reaction, s to p the transfusion and notify the doc to r immediately. Tell the patient to call a nurse immediately if he or she notices anything unusual. Fill transfusion reaction form and send it back to blood s to rage centre along with used blood bag and drip set in red bag. Inform doc to r on duty and seek help immediately from skilled anaesthetist or emergency team, if required. For reactions like itching, urticaria, rashes administer medications as per hospital pro to col.

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The Ayurvedic practitioner prepares a fermented liquor called sitaphalasava from the custard apple in its season for use as medicine in the treatment of tuberculosis symptoms for mono order 300 mg lopid amex. It is prepared by boiling custard apple pulp and seedless raisins in water on slow fire medications over the counter purchase cheap lopid on-line. It is then mixed with powdered sugar and candy and also the powder of car damom medications like prozac buy 300 mg lopid fast delivery, cinnamon and certain other condiments medicine norco generic lopid 300 mg with amex. Fresh air is always important in curing the disease and the patient should spend most of the time in the open air and should sleep in a well-ventilated room medications causing dry mouth order generic lopid on line. Sunshine is also essential as tuber bacilli are rapidly killed by exposure to sun rays medications made from plasma generic lopid 300mg visa. Other beneficial steps to wards curing the disease are avoidance of strain, slow massage, deep breathing and light occupation to ensure mental diversion. The intensity of the cold applications should be gradually increased to achieve satisfac to ry results. A short hot fomentation with alternate short cold application to the chest and back, and in the s to mach region or a neutral immersion bath (water temperature 98 O to 100 o F) for an hour just before retiring at night is also beneficial. Certain yogic practices are beneficial in the treatment of tuberculosis in its early stages. These include asanas like viparitakarani, sarvangasana and shavasana and jalneti kriya and anuloma-viloma pranayama. Varicose veins are a condition in which veins become enlarged, dilated or thickened. Varicose veins can occur in any part of the body but generally appear on the legs. The veins of the legs are the largest in the body and they carry the blood from the lower extremities upwards to wards the heart. Though there are no mechanical obstacles to blood-flow, it is usually the incompetence of the valve which leads to an increase in intravenous pressure. A blood clot within a large, greatly dilated vein may breakaway and move to ward the heart and lungs, causing serious complications. Symp to ms the first sign of varicose veins is a swelling along the course of the veins. This may be followed by muscular cramps and a feeling of tiredness in the legs behind he knees. In some cases, the normal flow of blood to wards the heart may be reversed when the patient is in an upright position. This results in venous blood collecting in the lower part of the legs and the skin becomes purplish and pigmented, leading to what is known as varicose eczema or varicose ulcers. Causes A varicose condition of the veins results from sluggish circulation due to various fac to rs such as constipation, dietetic errors, lack of exercise and smoking. Standing for long periods and wearing tight clothings can also lead to sluggish circulation. Pregnancy may cause varicose veins due to increased pressure in the pelvis and abdomen, which slows down the flow of blood from the lower extremities to the heart. Treatment For a proper treatment of varicose veins, the patients should, in the beginning, be put on a juice fast for four or five days or on all-fruit diet for 7 to 10 days. A warm water enema should be administered daily during this period to cleanse the bowels and measures should be taken to avoid constipation. After the juice fast or all the fruits diet,the patient should adopt restricted diet plan. The midday meal may consist of a raw salad or any of the vegetables in the season with olive oil and lemon juice dressing. Steamed vegetables such as spinach, cabbage, carrots, turnips, cauliflower and raisins, figs or dates may be taken in the evening. No bread or pota to es or other starchy food should be included in this diet, or otherwise the whole effect of the diet will be lost. After the restricted diet, the patient may gradually embark upon a well-balanced diet with emphasis on grains, seeds, nuts, vegetables and fruits. All condiments, alcoholic drinks, coffee, strong tea, white flour products, white sugar, andwhite sugar products should be strictly avoided. A short fast or the all-fruit diet for two or three days may be undertaken every month, depending on the progress. Raw vegetables juices, especially carrot juice in combination with spinach juice, have proved highly beneficial in the treatment of varicose veins. The affected parts should be sprayed with cold water or cold packs should be applied to them. Precautionary Measures: the following precautionary measures will help prevent varicose veins and ease symp to ms if the disease has already developed: 1. When you are reading or watching television, elevate your feet and rest your legs on a chair or s to ol. Walking is beneficial as the movements of leg muscles help push the blood upwards. The great pressure of the water against legs helps move the blood up the veins and protects against stagnation. Sleeping with feet raised slightly above the level of the heart helps the blood flow away from ankles. In case of serious troubles with varicose veins, the bed should be raised by placing blocks of six inches height under the posts at the foot. If confined to bed, movement of feet and legs should be encouraged to help keep circulation moving youthfully. They cut off the venous circulation, thus raising pressure in the veins and increasing the risk of varicositis. Elastic girdles should not be worn continuously, especially when seated for a long time, such as at a desk, or during a plane, train or au to trip. Pregnant woman should wear elastic s to ckings and lie down occasionally during the day. These easy- to -follow flex-exercises are beneficial as they ease the cause of varicose veins and thereby relieve the resultant symp to ms. Certain inverted yoga postures such as viparitakarni, sarvagasana, and shirshashana are beneficial in the treatment of varicose veins as they drain the blood from the legs and reduce pressure on the veins. They help to relax the muscles and allow the blood freely in and out of the lower extremities. These diseases are caused by bacteria and germs and canbecome very serious if not treated properly and early. Sexual contact is the commonest way in which this disease is spread through a community. It may also be transmitted from one person to another by kissing or handling infected clothing or other articles. Symp to ms and Causes Syphillis usually begins as a small ulcerating type of lesion which may occur anywhere in the body, the most common sites being the penis and vulva or in the vagina. Violent or rough sex behaviour often results in abrasions and thus the virus comes in direct contact with the blood. An acute inflammation of the male urethra or the vagina of the female due to infection through pus by the gonorrhoea germs is known as gonorrhoea. A person having a high degree of to xaemia and a low vitality may develop this condition with the slightest secretion. A clean blood stream and a high vitality on the other hand may protect one from this disease. About two-thirds of women with this disease have no symp to ms at all or at most very trivial ones which may be passed off as an apparently harmless vaginal discharge. If the disease is neglected or improperly treated, it may spoil the entire blood stream which may produce gonorrheal rheumatism and cause affection of the eyes. Proper treatment is therfore, highly important soon after the occurrence of the infection. Treatement Syphillis and gonorrhoea are quite amenable to successful treatment by proper dietary and other natural methods, leaving no ill-effects to mar the future life and happiness of their victims. This will not only prevent dreaded after effects, but will also greatly enhance the wholegeneral health level of the patient by a thorough cleansing of his system. Each day while fasting, it should be ensured that the bowels are cleansed of the poisonous matter thrown off by the self-cleansing process now set up by the body. After the fast, the patient, may adopt an exclusive fruit diet for further five days. He should thereafter gradually embark upon a balanced diet for three basic food groups as outlined in the treatment for impotence (chapter 75), avoiding all the foods mentioned therein. The classic drugs has been used, but it had not s to pped the ravages of the disease. His face and body were covered with rupial eruptions ulcers covered with a scab-and the odour from his body was most unpleasant. At the end of fourteen days he was allowed two meals a day, one of them consisting of nothing but purely cooked vegetables and some butter, and the other of milk and fresh fruit. Juices which are particularly helpful include those of carrot, cucumber, beet and spinach. The patient may make liberal use of carrot juice either in combination with spinach juice or cucumber or beet. Amaranth (chaulai ka saag) is considered highly beneficial in the treatment of gonorrhoea. Fresh juice of the flowers of the drumstick is very useful in the treatment of gonorrhoea. For better results, this juice should be given twice daily with tender coconut water. After cooling the pieces are squeezed andthe mucilage is extracted and strained through a muslin cloth. All clothes, sheets and to wels, used by the patient should behandled carefully to avoid new sores and to prevent infection to others. In case of eruptions on the different parts of the body, a wet sheet pack for an hour is beneficial. It will help bring out all the poisonous substances of the skin by producing more eruptions which will gradually dry up. Application of pelvic packs occasionally for an hour is one of the most effective methods of treatment in case of gonorrhoea. As irritation in the prostate gland and urethra is present in this disease, a hot hip bath for eight minutes has a beneficial effect as it tends to relieve irritation. An occasional steam bath for eight minutes is of outstanding value in both syphilis and gonorrhoea. It will help remove the poisonous substances from the body and enable the kidney to perform its work effectively. These hormes are produced in a pair of almond-shaped organs, known as the ovaries. These hormones give the woman strength and stamina and are largely responsible for the peculiarly feminine shape of her body. The ovaries start producing large quantities of estrogen, the dominant female hormone when a girl reaches about 12 years of age. The commencement of menstruation at this time heralds the reproductive phase of her life, when she can have children. The menstrual flow is connected with the female function of ovaluation or the passing of the egg cell or ovum from the ovary to the womb ready for fertilisation. It is a provision of nature to cleanse the inner surface of the womb and enable reproduction to take place normally. The main problem relating to menstrual flow are painful menstruation, s to ppage of menstruation and excessive menstruation, besides pre-menstrual tension which is discussed in the next chapter (84). Healthy women, living according to natural laws and eating diets of natural foods do not suffer from the monthly ordeal. Most menstrual disorders are caused by nutritional deficiencies which lead to deficiency and improper metabolism of the female sex hormones. Dysmenorrhoea: Painful menstruation or dysmenorrhoea, as it is called in medical parlance, is a very common occurrence these days. This disorder is traceable to a debilitated and to xic condition of the system in general and of the sex organs in particular due to a wrong diet, wrong style of living and nervous exhaustion. The pain may be felt either two or three days before or immediately before or during the flow. Pain starting two or three days before the flow usually shows that the ovaries are not functioning properly. This is a glandular misfunction and a carefully planned natural diet will usually put matters right.

Mud is then applied directly to the skin for five to 15 minutes treatment lymphoma purchase 300mg lopid mastercard, depending upon the reaction required symptoms bipolar 300 mg lopid overnight delivery. Hot and cold applications are useful in relieving chronic pains medicine klimt buy generic lopid online, intestinal cramps and lumbago medicine for nausea discount lopid 300mg without a prescription. Alternate application helps to relieve discomfort caused by flatulence and intestinal obstructions medicine park oklahoma cheap lopid 300 mg amex. It is also helpful in amoebiasis treatment bee sting discount lopid online mastercard, colitis, enteritis and other inflamma to ry conditions of bacterial origin. It is applied in the same way as packs, but only on a larger scale on the entire body. In this, mud or clay is first ground and sifted to remove all impurities, and then made in to a smooth paste mixed with hot water. One or two blankets are then wrapped over this, depending on the temperature of the room and that of the pack. The mud bath is found to to ne up the skin by increasing the circulation and energising the skin tissues. Frequent mud baths help to improve the complexion, clear spots and patches on the skin following skin disorders or due to smallpox. It is very beneficial in the treatment of skin diseases like psoriasis, leucoderma and every leprosy. This bath is also valuable in getting relief from rheumatic pain or pain in the joints caused by injuries. Physio and occupational therapy are now standard procedures in medicine to res to re the use of muscles and nerves that have been injured by disease or by accident. Patients with organic ailments are now advised to stay in bed for the minimum period considered necessary. Exercise and Activity For corrective living, it is essential to differentiate between exercise and activity. While both are important as they are involved in vital physical movement, they vary in degree and benefits. Activity uses the body to a limited degree and generally to achieve a specific purpose. Exercise employs the body over the widest possible range of movement for the particular purpose of maintaining or acquiring muscle to ne and control with maximum joint flexibility. Activity requires less physical effort and often less conscious effort once the routine has been established. Exercise demands considerable physical effort and is more beneficial as mental concentration is simultaneously employed. Regular exercise taken properly can achieve the increased use of food by the body, which contributes to health and fitness. The basal metabolic rate and habitual body temperature will slowly rise during several weeks of physical exercise, if the programme is not to o hard. Regular progressive physical exercise can bring about the balance of au to matic, or involuntary, nervous system. The to ne of the vagus nerve, one of the nerves that control sensation and motion, is strengthened. Exercise can prevent or reduce gravitational p to sis or sag, as it is commonly called. Improved capillary action in the working of muscular and brain tissue results from exercise carried to the point of real endurance. This permits greater blood flow and gives the muscles, including the heart, more resistance to fatigue. Massage, heat and moderate exercise are relatively ineffective in producing additional capillary action as compared with vigorous exercise. The full use of the lungs in vigorous exercise can reduce or prevent lung congestion due to lymph accumulation. Gas and intra-intestinal accumulations can be reduced by exercise that acts to knead and squeeze or vibrate the intraintestinal mass. Improvement in to ne and function of veins can be accomplished by repetitiously. Sweating in exercise aids kidneys by helping to eliminate the waste matter from the body. Studies have shown improved haemoglobin levels, relatively greater alkalinity, improved to tal protein content and a grater red cell count. Systemic exercise promotes physical strength and mental vigour and strengthens will power and self control leading to harmonious development of the whole system. Exercise promotes longevity Medical researchers at Harvard and Standford Universities who studied the habits and health of 17,000 middle-aged and older men, reported the first scientific evidence that even modest exercise helps prolong life. Paffenberger, the visiting professor of epidemology at the Harvard School of Pubic Health, who is the principal author of the report said, " We have found a direct relationship between the level of physical activity and the length of life in the college men we have studied. The study showed that the less active persons ran a three times higher risk of suffering a fatal heart attack than did those who worked the hardest. Review of fatal heart attacks revealed that the less active men were also three times more likely to die unexpectedly and rapidly within an hour after the attack. A parallel research report from doc to rs in Dulles also concluded, after a study of the lives and habits of 6,000 men and women, that the physically fit were less likely to develop hypertension. Blair who headed the research group said, " We followed the physical health and habits of these people for an average of four-and-a-half years and the data showed that the lackof physical fitness leads to hypertension. It is therefore, useful for weight reduction in conjunction with restricted food intake. Up to 15 hours after vigorous exercise, the body continues to burn calories at a higher rate than it would have without exercise. Moderate physical exercise has been found to be accompanied by less obesity and lower cholesterol levels. It provides recreation and mental relaxation besides keeping the body physically and mentally fit. Chronic fatigue caused by poor circulation can be remedied by undertaking some exercise on a daily basis. Moderate physical exercise at the end of a try day can bring a degree of freshness and renewed energy. Robert Brown, a clinical associate professor at the University of Virgina School of Medicine, " Exercise produces chemical and psychological changes that improves your mental health. It changes the levels of hormones in blood and may elevate your beta-endorphins (mood-affecting brain chemicals). Exercise also gives a feeling of accomplishment and thereby reduces the sense of helplessness. Whichever system you choose to adopt, the exercises should be performed systematically, regularly and under proper guidance. To be really useful, exercise should be taken in such a manner as to bring in to action all the muscles of the body in a natural way. It is, however, so gentle in character that one must walk several kilometers in a brisk manner to constitute a fair amount of. Precautions Vigirous exercise of any kind should not be taken for an hour and a half after eating, nor immediately before meals. Weak patients and those suffering from serious diseases like cancer, heart trouble, tuberculosis and asthama should not undertake vigious exercise except under the supervision of a competent physician. The purpose of exercise should be to make you feel refreshed and relaxed and not tired. The most important rule about the fitness plan is to start with very light exercise and to increase the effort in gradual and easy stages. It is valueless and possibly harmful to become exhausted or seriously short of breath. Feel the pulse on your left wrist with the middle three fingers of your right hand. Now count the number of beats in 15 seconds, with the help of a watch with clear second hand and calculate your rate by multiplying by four. It follows that heart rate should be about 130 per minute during and just after exercise. Always avoid over-exertion and never allow your pulse go above 190 per minute minus your age. Since then it has been used as a mode of treatment for many ailments and it has res to red many a sufferer to health and vigour. Benefits the general massage, dealing with all parts of the body, is highly beneficial in many ways. It to nes up the nervous system, influences respiration and quickens the elimination of poisons and waste material from the body through the various eliminative organs such as the lungs, skin, kidneys and bowels. A massage removes facial wrinkles, helps to fill out hollow cheeks and neck and eases stiffness, sore muscles and numbness. Various movements There are five fundamental modes of manipulation in massage and these are: effleurage (stroking), friction (rubbing), petrissage (kneading), tapotment (percussion) and vibration (shaking or trembling). Effleurage: this involves sliding with the hands, using long even strokes over the surface of the body. Effleurage is performed in five ways, namely stroking with (I) palms of two hands; (ii) the palm of one hand; (iii) the knuckles; (iv) the ball of the thumb and (v) the finger tips. Friction: the movements, which are circular in nature are performed with the help of the thumb and tips of fingers or the palm of the hand to wards the joints or around the joints. Fric tion limbers up joints, tendons, and muscles and facilitates the removal of deposits by breaking them. Petrissage: this is the process of kneading, pressing and rolling of the tissues and is performed with one or both hands, with two thumbs or with thumbs and fingers. One should apply heavy pressure for deep kneading and light pressure for superficial kneading. It increases nutrition, strengthens muscles, relieves intestinal congestion and helps elimination of the poisons. It boosts long activity and cellular respiration, eliminates fatigue poisons and to nes up nerve endings. Tapotement: this involves hacking, tapping, clapping and beating and is achieved by striking the body rapidly. Vibrations: this is achieved by rapidly shaking the pressing movements by use of the hand or fingers onthe body. This is beneficial in neuritis and neuralgia after the inflamma to ry stage is over. The vibra to ry muscles is more efficiently administered by a special, electrically operated machine. Material for Massage Cot to n seed oil is most commonly used for massaging, but butter is used for filling out cheeks and the neck and also for breast enlargement. General body massage may be done for 40 to 45 minutes and local body massage for 10 to 15 minutes. Therapeutic Uses Massage can be used with advantage as a method of treatment for many common ailments. The various forms of massage and their usefulness in various diseases are described here in brief. Massage of the Joints: Stiff and swollen joints can be cured by massage combined with mechanical movements. Massage is, however, not recommended in serious inflamma to ry cases of the joints and in tubercular joints. It should also be avoided in infectious diseases like diphtheria and gonorrhoea which cause formation of pus as massage may spread the pus to the entire system. In these cases, affected parts should first be bathed with hot water for 15 to 30 minutes. This form of massage is of great help in atrophy of the muscles which usually follows if the muscles are not used for any length of time. This condition may also be brought about by injuries, diseases of the joints, inflammation of the muscles and nerves, and by to o long use of cats, bandages and splints. A human being carries one -half of the weight of his body in the form of muscular tissues. When one gets a good massage treatment, the muscles get regenerated and are then capable of holding half of the blood supply. Massage thus provides additional nourishment to feed the muscular tissues, helping them to grow strong. Tapping, striking, and vibrating help the muscle to develop its contractile power. Massage is employed for eliminatng muscle contraction and for breaking of adhesions. A little moderate kneading, and percussion cause muscles to contract and become stronger. Deep pressure should not be used on swollen nerves for it will increase the inflammation. Sleeplessness can be cured by long slow and gentle stroking down the spine and entire back. It stimulates the peristalsis of the small intestines, to nes up the muscles of the abdomen walls and mechanically eliminates the contents of both large and small intestines.